Nope, from my altitude I can see about 250 miles, a little past Mt. McKinley but that's looking north. I'd need to look west, but then there's another mountain range in the way.
Palin's actual quote is "And you can actually see Russia from land here in Alaska." Here's a photo of Little Diomede and Big Diomede islands. The international date line runs between them, you're looking at "tomorrow" in Russia over there, about 2 1/2 miles away.